As India embraces the quiet revolution of electric mobility, the government is taking proactive steps to ensure that this transition does not come at the expense of pedestrian safety. The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) has issued a draft notification that proposes to make Acoustic Vehicle Alerting Systems (AVAS) a mandatory feature for all-electric passenger and goods vehicles. This move aims to address the inherent safety risk posed by the near-silent operation of electric vehicles (EVs), especially in bustling urban environments.
The “Silent Vehicle” Problem
One of the celebrated benefits of EVs is their quiet operation, which significantly reduces noise pollution. However, this same feature can become a hazard, particularly at low speeds. Unlike traditional vehicles with internal combustion engines, which produce a distinct and audible engine sound, EVs can move almost silently, making them difficult for pedestrians, cyclists, and especially visually impaired individuals to detect. This lack of auditory cues can lead to accidents, and the proposed AVAS mandate is designed to be a direct and effective solution.
The AVAS is an electronic device that generates an artificial sound, often mimicking the hum of a conventional engine. The system is designed to be intuitive, with the pitch and volume of the sound varying in relation to the vehicle’s speed, thus providing a clear and familiar signal of the vehicle’s presence and movement.
A Phased Approach to Implementation
The government has outlined a clear, two-phase timeline for the implementation of the AVAS mandate, giving manufacturers adequate time to adapt.
- For New Models: All newly launched models of electric vehicles falling under the specified categories will be required to be factory-fitted with AVAS from October 1, 2026.
- For Existing Models: For vehicle models that are already in production, the rule will become applicable from October 1, 2027.
The mandate will cover:
- Category M vehicles: This includes all passenger-carrying vehicles, such as cars and buses.
- Category N vehicles: This category covers all goods-carrying vehicles, including trucks and delivery vans.
The AVAS is designed to operate automatically in situations where the vehicle is most likely to pose a risk. It will activate when the vehicle is moving at speeds up to 20 kilometers per hour and also when it is in reverse. At higher speeds, the noise from tire friction on the road and wind is generally sufficient to alert those nearby, so the AVAS will not be required.
Harmonizing with Global Safety Standards
By proposing this mandate, India is aligning its automotive safety standards with those of other major global markets. The United States, Europe, and Japan have already implemented similar regulations, making AVAS a standard safety feature in their new electric vehicles. This move not only enhances road safety for Indian citizens but also ensures that vehicles manufactured in India meet international benchmarks, which is crucial for the country’s growing automotive export ambitions.
The MoRTH has invited comments and suggestions from the public and stakeholders on the draft notification, reflecting a collaborative approach to policy-making. This proposed rule is a mature and necessary step in India’s EV journey, demonstrating a commitment to ensuring that the future of mobility is not only green but also safe for everyone.
